[폴리선생의 영어문법] 조동사의 종류 및 사용법

[폴리선생의 영어문법] 조동사의 종류 및 사용법

 

 
1. 조동사의 종류

  do, can, may, must, will, shall, ought to

 

1) do

  ① 의문문      Do you know his name?

  ② 부정문      I don't like you.

  ③ 강조        I do study.

 

2) can ( = be able to V )

  ① ~할 수 있다  I can do it.

  ② must의 반대  He can't be a spy.

3) could

  ① can의 과거          He could walk well before the accident.

  ② 추측 (현재 or 미래)  I'm not sure, but I think I could do it.

4) may

  ① 허가      May I go home now?

  ② 추측      It may rain tomorrow.   Dinner might be served by robots.

  ③ 소망      May God bless you.

  ④ may의 과거형   They thought that he might be a crimminal.

 

5) must ( = have to V )

 ① ~해야 한다     You must obey our king.

 ② 추측            He must be a spy.  ( ↔ He can't be a spy. )

 

6) will ( be going to V)

  ① ~일 것이다    It will rain tomorrow.

     ~할 것이다    I will go to church this Sunday.

  ② 습관          A bear will not touch a dead body. (보통 ~한다)

  ③ 고집          The door will not open. (문이 열리지 않는다)

 

7) would

 ① 제안                   Would you close the door?

 ② 추측 (현재 or 미래)     Camping at the river? That would be fun.

 ③ 과거의 불규칙적인 일   He would often visited me.

 ④ 고집                   He would not help me. (그는 나를 도우려 하지 않았다)

⑤ will의 과거형           He said that the baby would be called John.

 

8) shall

 ① ~할까요         Shall we dance?

 ② ~하도록 하겠다  You shall pay me back the money. (화자의 의지)

 

9) should

 ① ~해야만 한다    You should do your best. (= ought to)

 ② 요구, 제안, 주장의 동사 다음에 (ask, suggest, insist, request..)

                   He insisted that we (should) go earlier next morning.

                   I suggest that we (should) study this text book.

 

2. 혼동되는 용법 비교

* 이 부분은 뉘앙스만 알고 넘어가도록 한다. 절대 암기하지 말자

1) 추측

must > would > should > can > could > may > might

                      확실  <---                --->  불확실 
 

 

 

 He must be right.     (그가 옳은 것이 틀림없다)  -> 확실

 He would be right.

 He should be right.

 He could be right.

 He may be right.

 He might be right.    (그가 옳지 지도 모른다)     -> 불확실

 

 2) 의무

must > have to > should > ought to

 

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